What Is The Texture Of A Diamond What Is The Color Of A Diamond

Diamond Glossary

GHI'due south Diamond Glossary provides an overview of gemological terms related to diamonds. It tin can be accessed alphabetically, below.

INDEX

A B C D E F Thou H I J K L M Due north O P Q R Due south T U Five Westward X Y Z
SHOW ALL TERMS

A

Abrasion – Pocket-size scratches on the surface of a diamond or colored gemstone. In a diamond, these are usually white in colour and caused by contact with other diamonds. See also Plotting Diagram. In a colored gemstone, they are caused by contact with various other materials.

ABSORPTION SPECTRA – A reflection of the electromagnetic radiation captivated by a colored diamond or colored gemstone over a visible range of wavelengths (approximately 400-800 nanometers). They are recorded on a graph that plots the transmittance confronting wavelengths. And they can help identify the species and/or variety of stone, as well equally the colour origin of colored diamonds.

ANNEALING – On a diamond, a controlled temperature procedure that heats and, then, quickly cools the stone. This treatment is practical individually or in conjunction with high pressure level and high temperature (HPHT) and/or irradiation.

B

BAGUETTE – A rectangular style of footstep cut used for diamonds and colored gemstones.

Blemish – A surface feature on the exterior of a diamond or colored gemstone, such every bit an abrasion, natural, nick, or scratch. A blemish can touch the finish of a stone. For diamonds, see too Plotting Diagram.

Luminescence – The overall strength of a diamond's low-cal return, an average measured in the face-up position. Encounter also Low-cal Performance.

BRILLIANT CUT – The nigh common style of diamond cutting, also used for some colored gemstones, traditionally consisting of a combination of triangular, octagonal, and kite-shaped facets. See too Cutting (Shape and Style).

Bruise – A minute imperfection that breaks the surface of a diamond or colored gemstone. For diamonds, come across also Plotting Diagram.

BRUTED GIRDLE – On a diamond or colored gemstone, a girdle that is cut, simply unpolished.

C

CARAT WEIGHT – A unit of metric measurement used for diamonds and colored gemstones. One carat (ct.) equals 100 points, 200 milligrams, or 1/5 of a gram. The chart beneath illustrates carat weights for diamonds.

Crenel – An isolated opening that breaks the surface of a diamond or colored gemstone. For diamonds, see besides Plotting Diagram.

Chemical VAPOR DEPOSITION (CVD) DIAMOND – See Lab-Grown Diamond.

Bit – A shallow, jagged surface break on a diamond or colored gemstone. For diamonds, encounter also Plotting Diagram.

CLARITY Grade – A scale that considers blemishes and inclusions, to rank diamonds from FL (flawless) to I (included). The calibration is divided into 12 sub-grades, every bit detailed beneath:

FL Grade (Flawless) describes diamonds in which a skilled observer does not run across whatever inclusions or surface blemishes, after thorough examination at 10-power magnification nether standardized lighting weather.

IF Form (Internally Flawless) describes diamonds that have no internal characteristics appreciable under the conditions described above, but that may take minor blemishes bars to the surface.

VVS Grades (Very Very Slightly Included) depict diamonds with very, very small inclusions that are difficult for a skilled observer to see, under the conditions described above.

VS Grades (Very Slightly Included) describe diamonds with very small inclusions ranging from difficult to somewhat easy to notice, nether the conditions described above.

SI Grades (Slightly Included) describe diamonds with small inclusions that are easy or very easy to see, under the conditions described to a higher place. Occasionally, inclusions in the SI category are visible to the unaided eye.

I Grades (Included) depict diamonds with medium or big inclusions that are unremarkably obvious to the unaided eye, under standardized lighting weather condition.

CLEAVAGE – A major fracture or weak betoken in a diamond that is breakable in sure definite planes or directions, ordinarily due to weak molecular bonding. On a GHI written report, it would be noted equally an extended version of a feather symbol. See also Plotting Diagram.

Deject – In a diamond or colored gemstone, a cloud-like, semi-transparent area created past minute pinpoint inclusions. On GHI reports, it is plotted for diamonds (see also Plotting Diagram).

COLOR CHANGE (Modify OF Color) – In some diamonds, known as chameleons, a miracle in which their color changes when exposed to certain intensities of rut or when kept in darkness for an extended period of time. In some colored gemstones, a phenomenon in which their hue appears to vary when exposed to different types of light.

COLORED DIAMONDS – See Colour Grade.

Colour DISTRIBUTION – An assessment of the homogeneity of color in a colored diamond, equally seen through its crown. Information technology is measured on a scale ranging from uneven to even (which is preferred).

COLOR GRADE – A scale that identifies diamonds or colored diamonds according to colour.

For colorless to light diamonds, color is graded on a scale from "D" (colorless) to "Z" (possessing a strong tonal modifier, such every bit brown, grey, green, pink, or yellow.) The chart below depicts the most typical modifier: yellow.

Colored diamonds are distinguished by a combination of hue, tone, and saturation. Fancy colored diamonds are graded on a scale from fancy light to fancy vivid. Colored diamonds outside of the fancy range are rated every bit faint to light. While remarkable diamonds exist in many colors, natural fancy vivids are typically the about rare and valuable. The nautical chart below depicts these variations for a yellowish diamond.

COLOR ORIGIN – For a colored diamond, the basis of its color. This can include foundations described every bit natural, enhanced, high pressure level and high temperature (HPHT)-treated, etc.

COLORED DIAMOND – A diamond distinguished past a combination of hue, tone, and saturation. See also Color Grade.

CONFLICT DIAMOND – A diamond (also known as a blood diamond) mined to fund violent conflict and/or civil war against a legitimate authorities. Such mining is, typically, besides linked to dire human rights abuses. It should be noted, that the amount of conflict diamonds as a pct of globe diamond product has fallen dramatically, and is typically estimated today to be virtually one pct. Run into also Kimberley Procedure.

Contrast – The intensity of a diamond's brightness, a ratio of the brightest pixels compared to all of the pixels in a face-up view of the stone. Come across also Light Operation.

CROWN – The part of any faceted diamond or colored gemstone above the girdle. See also Proportions.

CRYSTAL – For a diamond or colored gemstone, a visible crystalline structure of variable transparency on the interior of the stone. This can occur naturally or as a result of a treatment, and typically serves as an identifying characteristic. On GHI reports, it is plotted for diamonds (see besides Plotting Diagram).

CULET – The small facet polished across what would otherwise be the precipitous betoken or tip of the pavilion of a faceted diamond or colored gemstone. This is described on a range from none (a precipitous point) to extremely large (an extended, flatter surface). For diamonds, run across besides Proportions.

Absorber CUT – A diamond or colored gemstone shape in which the outline is foursquare or rectangular, with rounded corners and/or bowed sides. Come across as well Cut (Shape and Mode).

CUT (SHAPE AND STYLE) – A description of the silhouette or grade created by the contours and facets of a diamond or colored gemstone. Shapes vary from circular to fancy cuts, such equally cushion, emerald, centre, marquise, oval, pear, princess, and triangle. And style includes variations of brilliant, pace, mixed, and, for colored gemstones, cabochon cuts. Cute stones can be found in almost any shape or manner.

Sample Shapes

Sample Styles

Cut Class – A ranking based on the combined analysis of a diamond's proportions, smoothen, and symmetry — factors that determine the mode low-cal interacts with the stone. On a GHI Cut Form Diamond Written report, nigh preferred stones are graded on a scale from very good to platonic, as noted below.

D

DIAMOND – A mineral that crystallizes in the cubic organisation and is composed of carbon with a hardness of 10 (the hardest of all naturally occurring substances on the Mohs Scale), a refractive alphabetize of 2.417, and a specific gravity of 3.52. Diamonds are sub-classified into types (I and Two) that distinguish and identify the concentration and location of nitrogen in their crystalline structure.

DISPERSION – The separation of white low-cal into its component spectral colors. See besides Burn.

Durability – A combination of hardness, toughness, and stability that describes the ability of a specific diamond or colored gemstone to resist wear.

Eastward

EMERALD Cut – A diamond or colored gemstone shape in which the outline is rectangular with cut corners, and the facets are rectangular and trapezoidal. Run into also Cut (Shape and Style).

EXTRA FACET – An additional pocket-sized, flat surface on a diamond or colored gemstone. For diamonds, see as well Plotting Diagram.

F

FACET – 1 of the small, apartment surfaces that is polished on a diamond or colored gemstone.

FACETED GIRDLE – On a diamond or colored gemstone, a girdle that is cut and polished for maximum surface reflection, with many apartment planes around the circumference of the stone.

FANCY COLOR – See Color Form.

FANCY Cut – A diamond or colored gemstone shape other than circular. Run into as well Cut (Shape and Manner).

Feather – A fracture in a diamond or colored gemstone that typically breaks the surface. For diamonds, see besides Plotting Diagram.

Plume FILLING – Besides known as fracture filling, a treatment that introduces a glass-similar material in the natural feathers or fractures of a diamond or colored gemstone.

For diamonds, this procedure enhances the appearance of clarity. While the handling is stable for normal wearable, it is not considered permanent. In most cases, should impairment to the treatment occur, the diamond can be repaired and its enhancement restored. GHI clearly identifies such stones with laser inscriptions, along with special Enhanced Diamond Reports. For diamonds, run into too Plotting Diagram.

For colored gemstones — such as alexandrites, emeralds, rubies, and tourmalines — feather filling tin can also raise the appearance of clarity. In addition, information technology can amend immovability.

FINGERPRINT – An identifying feature in a diamond or colored gemstone, similar in appearance to a feather.

FINISH – The assay of a diamond's polish and symmetry. Polish relates directly to the quality of the overall surface status of the diamond. Symmetry relates to facet shape and arrangement, and the overall exactness of the stone's contour and outline. Both are rated on a calibration ranging from poor to excellent.

Fire – Flashes of rainbow or spectral colors seen in diamonds or colored gemstones equally a upshot of dispersion.

FL (FLAWLESS) Course – See Clarity Grade.

FLUORESCENCE – The chapters of diamonds, colored gemstones, and pearls to emit visible light when exposed to higher energy wavelengths. In diamonds and colored gemstones, this occurs when their atoms react to long- and brusque-wave ultraviolet rays. In pearls, this occurs when some of their elements react to ten-rays. Fluorescence is measured for identification purposes and described on a scale from inert (none) to very potent. Its presence can as well aid to ostend a pearl's cultured origin.

Iv CS – An industry phrase used to depict a diamond'southward characteristics, all starting with the alphabetic character "C": carat weight, clarity, colour, and cutting.

FRACTURE FILLING – See Feather Filling.

FULL Cut – A description of a brilliant cut, circular diamond or colored gemstone with 57-58 facets.

G

GEMSTONE – A mineral, rock, organic, or inorganic material that is, typically, cutting and polished for utilise in jewelry. There are dozens of types of gemstones — including diamonds, colored gemstones, and pearls — each with a unique set of physical and optical properties.

GIRDLE – The narrow band effectually the perimeter of a polished or faceted diamond or colored gemstone. A girdle separates the crown from the pavilion facets and volition vary in thickness depending on a stone'south individual way and shape. Thickness is measured on a scale from extremely sparse to extremely thick, with mid-range thickness beingness preferred. A girdle tin exist further described as bruted, faceted, polished, or a combination of these. Encounter also Proportions.

GRAINING – Lines or patterns visible at the juncture betwixt two crystals, formed either on the surface or within a diamond or colored gemstone. On GHI reports, it is plotted for diamonds (see also Plotting Diagram) and noted for colored gemstones.

H

HARDNESS – The ability of a diamond or colored gemstone to resist scratching. A diamond is the hardest specimen in nature. Meet also Mohs Calibration.

HEART CUT – A diamond or colored gemstone shape in which the outline is like its proper noun: eye-shaped. Encounter as well Cutting (Shape and Mode).

HEARTS & ARROWS Cut – A precise diamond cut that creates a unique, romantic facet design. Viewed through its pavilion, the stone shows a circumvolve of hearts. And through its crown, it reveals arrows. On a GHI Hearts & Arrows Diamond Report, cutting is rated on a scale from very good to ideal (the most symmetrical). The diagram beneath depicts a symmetrical hearts & arrows cut.

High PRESSURE AND Loftier TEMPERATURE (HPHT) – For diamonds, a treatment that applies extreme pressure level and temperature to cause the addition or deletion of color. HPHT can transform pale diamonds into vibrant fancy colors. And it tin shift brown-toned diamonds to more delicate hues such as colorless, about colorless, pinkish, yellow, yellow/orange, orange, and green/yellow. GHI clearly identifies HPHT-treated stones with laser inscriptions.

HIGH Pressure level AND HIGH TEMPERATURE (HPHT) DIAMOND – Come across Lab-Grown Diamond.

HUE – The primary impression of colour such as reddish, greenish, or blue.

I

I (INCLUDED) Course – See Clarity Grade.

Ideal Cut DIAMOND – A diamond with exceptional cut course quality, ranked by a combined analysis of its proportions, shine, and symmetry. See also Cut Course.

IDENTIFYING CHARACTERISTICS – Physical aspects of a diamond or colored gemstone that assistance to confirm its singularity or categorization. These can range from inclusions (fingerprints, needles, etc.) to modifiers acquired by treatments (crystals with halos, reduced silks, etc.). In addition, identifying characteristics tin refer to instrument-based measurements such equally refractive index, ten-ray fluorescence, infrared spectra, Raman spectra, or specific gravity.

IF (INTERNALLY FLAWLESS) GRADE – See Clarity Grade.

INCLUSION – An internal feature on a diamond or a colored gemstone, such equally a cavity, crystal, feather, internal graining, pinpoint, etc. On GHI reports, information technology is plotted for diamonds (see also Plotting Diagram).

INDENTED NATURAL – A portion of the original surface of a crude diamond left past the cutter when polishing and faceting a diamond. Indented naturals are usually on the girdle and break the outline of the stone.

INFRARED Low-cal – Role of the electromagnetic spectrum that is non visible to the human eye, between approximately 800 nanometers (longer than red in the visible spectrum) to one millimeter (bordering microwave).

INFRARED SPECTRA – A representation of the vibrational modes of a diamond's or colored gemstone'south molecules over a range of wavelengths outside of the visible spectrum. They are recorded on a graph that plots intensity against wavelengths. And they tin can help identify the species and/or multifariousness of rock.

INTERNAL GRAINING – Run into Graining.

INTERNAL LASER DRILL – In a diamond, a flat aqueduct-like characteristic created past a laser beam during the treatment of an included crystal. The internal laser drill extends from the inclusion to the stone's surface, where information technology appears as a linear feature. Run across also Plotting Diagram.

INTERNAL Laser DRILLING – A diamond treatment, also called Kiduah Meyuhad (KM) or "special drill" in Hebrew, in which a light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation beam is focused directly on an inclusion to create a plumage-like fracture between the inclusion and the stone'due south surface. The inclusion is then treated with acid to better the perceived clarity of the rock. This type of laser drilling is, typically, more than challenging to observe than traditional light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation drilling. On a GHI report, internal laser drilling is conspicuously noted.

IRRADIATION – The use of radiation to alter the appearance of a diamond, colored gemstone, or pearl. On a diamond or colored gemstone, radiation such as neutron or electron bombardment can modify the internal structure and, therefore, the stone's color and perceived clarity. This process is frequently followed by heating, which tin further refine the results. Irradiation tin can create vibrant pinkish, yellowish, green, and green/blue hues in diamonds, as well as beautiful blue topazes and blood-red tourmalines. On certain pearls, such every bit freshwater or Akoya pearls, gamma ray treatments can generate darker gray, blueish, or blackness colors.

K

KIMBERLEY PROCESS (KP) – An international certification scheme that establishes requirements for the product and trade of crude diamonds. The process aims to prevent the flow of conflict diamonds, while helping to protect legitimate trade in crude diamonds (which are certified as "conflict-gratis").

KNOT – In a diamond, an included crystal that extends to the surface. See also Plotting Diagram.

L

LAB-GROWN DIAMOND – A man-made stone (also known as synthetic) typically created through loftier force per unit area and loftier temperature (HPHT) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Unlike simulated diamonds (such as cubic zirconia), which merely look like diamonds, lab-grown diamonds accept substantially the same chemic, physical, and optical properties as natural diamonds. GHI identifies lab-grown diamonds with laser inscriptions and special Lab-Grown Diamond Reports.

LASER DRILL HOLE – A minute channel from a diamond'due south surface to its interior, created by a laser axle during the treatment of an included crystal. See also Plotting Diagram.

LASER DRILLING – A diamond treatment in which a laser beam creates a channel to allow access to a dark inclusion. The inclusion is and so lightened with acrid, to improve the perceived clarity of the stone. On a GHI written report, laser drilling is conspicuously noted.

LEAKAGE – A phenomenon that occurs in diamonds and colored gemstones when light entering a stone fails to reflect back through its crown, dispersing instead through the pavilion.

Lite Functioning – The combined bear on of luminescence, contrast, and radiance of a diamond every bit seen by the human eye nether normal lighting weather condition. These terms are defined and their touch is measured by a light beliefs assessment arrangement. On a GHI Diamond Low-cal Performance Report, each attribute is rated on a scale from poor to excellent. Superior performance in whatsoever of the three categories can yield a beautiful stone.

M

MARQUISE CUT – A diamond or colored gemstone shape in which the girdle outline is elliptical, with pointed ends. See besides Cut (Shape and Style).

MEASUREMENTS – For round diamonds and colored gemstones, an indication of maximum-minimum bore x depth, in millimeters. Fancy shapes are indicated by length x width x depth. For round pearls, an indication of diameter, in millimeters. Other pearls are measured by length x width 10 depth. Measurements of pearl strands or jewelry are described as a range, average, or graduation from maximum to minimum.

MELEE – A term used primarily to draw pocket-size faceted diamonds or colored gemstones of approximately .12 carat or less.

MIXED CUT – A fashion of diamond or colored gemstone cutting that features aspects of both brilliant and pace cutting. Encounter also Cutting (Shape and Style).

MOHS Scale – A loose scale of hardness, used for field collecting, which allows for identification of specimens. Devised by Friedrich Mohs, a German mineralogist, in the 19th century. The comparative calibration of hardness is as follows:

i)    Talc
two)    Gypsum
3)    Calcite
4)    Fluorite
5)    Apatite
vi)    Feldspar
7)    Quartz
8)    Topaz and Beryl
9)    Corundum
10)  Diamond

MOUNTING – The portion of a piece of jewelry in which a gemstone or other object is set.

N

NATURAL – A portion of the original surface of a crude diamond left past the cutter when polishing and faceting a diamond. Naturals are usually near the girdle of a diamond. See also Plotting Diagram.

NEEDLE – A sparse inclusion of variable length, in a diamond or colored gemstone. On GHI reports, it is plotted for diamonds (meet also Plotting Diagram).

NICK – A minor chip on the surface of a diamond, unremarkably found most or on the girdle of the stone. See also Plotting Diagram.

O

OPAQUE – A clarification of a feature of a diamond or colored gemstone that is neither transparent nor translucent, and so information technology does not transmit calorie-free.

OVAL CUT – A diamond or colored gemstone shape in which the girdle outline is elliptical or oval. See too Cut (Shape and Style).

P

PAVILION – The portion of a faceted diamond or colored gemstone that lies below the girdle. Come across also Proportions.

PEAR CUT – A diamond or colored gemstone shape in which the girdle outline is teardrop- or pear-shaped. Meet also Cut (Shape and Style).

PHOSPHORESCENCE – The capacity of a diamond or colored gemstone to emit visible light for a variable period of time afterwards exposure to long- and short-moving ridge ultraviolet rays.

PINPOINT – Inside a diamond or colored gemstone, a minute, round inclusion. On GHI reports, it is plotted for diamonds (come across also Plotting Diagram).

PIT – On a diamond'due south surface, a miniscule indentation. Come across also Plotting Diagram.

PLOTTING DIAGRAM – A schematic diagram that approximates a diamond's style and shape, and notes its external and internal characteristics. On a GHI report, the facets are printed in black and the characteristics are denoted in cerise and green, by the symbols below.

POINT – A measurement in the weight of a diamond or colored gemstone equal to 1/100 of a carat. Thus, 0.50 carats is equal to 50 points.

Polish – See Cease.

Smoothen LINES – Small parallel lines left on the surface of a diamond's or colored gemstone's facets past a rotating polishing/grinding cycle. For diamonds, see also Plotting Diagram.

POLISHED GIRDLE – On a diamond or colored gemstone, a girdle that has been cutting and polished to yield a uniform, highly reflective surface. See likewise Girdle.

PRINCESS Cut – A diamond or colored gemstone shape in which the outline is either square or rectangular, with pointed corners. See also Cut (Shape and Style).

PROPORTIONS – On a diamond or colored gemstone, the dimensions and facet angles, and the relationship between them. On GHI diamond reports, proportions are noted or diagrammed. See also Measurements.

R

RADIANCE – The amount of reflected and refracted light in a diamond, sometimes referred to as sparkle or life, measured in a confront-upward view. Come across as well Light Performance.

RAMAN SPECTRA – A representation of the vibrational modes of a diamond'southward, colored gemstone's, or pearl'due south molecules as they react to a monochromatic (laser) light source. For diamonds, the Raman spectra measure photograph brilliance to notice treatments to the stone. For all stones, Raman spectra are recorded on a graph that plots intensity versus frequency. And they can aid place the species and/or diverseness of stone, too as whatsoever practical treatments.

REFLECTION – The return of light that strikes the surface of a diamond or colored gemstone. This effect can also occur when light strikes specific inclusions inside a rock.

REFRACTION – The change in direction of a ray of light equally it enters a diamond or colored gemstone.

REFRACTIVE Alphabetize – The degree to which visible light bends equally it passes through a diamond, colored gemstone, or pearl. Each type of gemstone exhibits a unique refractive index (RI) or RI range — a result of its distinct chemic composition and concrete crystallization. As such, RI is a strong identifying characteristic.

ROUGH – Any uncut or unpolished diamond or colored gemstone.

ROUND CUT – A diamond or colored gemstone shape in which the outline is circular. See too Cut (Shape and Style).

South

SATURATION – An attribute of color that denotes its strength.

SCINTILLATION – Mirror-like reflections from the facets of a diamond as information technology turns in the light.

SCRATCH – On the surface of a diamond or colored gemstone, a white, narrow, shallow marked caused by abrasion. For diamonds, see also Plotting Diagram.

SHAPE OF DIAMONDS – See Cut (Shape and Style).

SI (SLIGHTLY INCLUDED) Grade – Come across Clarity Grade.

Imitation DIAMOND – An faux diamond, such equally cubic zirconia, that looks like a diamond, but does non share its combination of chemical, concrete, and optical backdrop.

Unmarried CUT – Traditionally, a round cut for a diamond or colored gemstone with 17 facets: 9 crown facets (including the tabular array) and eight pavilion facets.

SOLITAIRE – A piece of jewelry containing a single diamond or colored gemstone.

SPECIES – A group of gemstones that share similar chemical composition and physical structure. Examples of species include beryl and corundum. Encounter also Diversity.

SPECIFIC GRAVITY – The ratio of the density of a solid or liquid to the density of an equal volume of h2o (or for a gas, to an equal book of hydrogen).

STABILITY – Ability of a diamond or colored gemstone to maintain its integrity under normal atmospheric condition.

Stride Cutting – A style of diamond- or colored gemstone-cutting that creates straight facets that run parallel to the girdle and subtract in size every bit they motility farther from information technology (resembling steps), as in an emerald cut. See also Cut (Shape and Style).

SURFACE COATING – On a diamond, colored gemstone, or pearl, the awarding of a sparse artificial layer on the stone's outside to bear upon appearance. Coatings are, typically, non considered permanent; their furnishings may diminish over time.

On a diamond, chemical coatings can disguise less desirable interior hues. On a colored gemstone, coatings tin can ameliorate color and overall advent. And on a pearl, coatings tin can create the illusion of a smoother surface and/or enhanced luster. On a GHI study for any stone type, coatings are clearly noted. In add-on, GHI does not provide color or clarity grades for coated diamonds.

SURFACE GRAINING – See Graining.

SUSTAINABLE ORIGIN – Sustainable origin refers to the environmentally-friendly source of a diamond or colored gemstone and, if applicable, its related jewelry material. This can include heirloom and reclaimed items, as well as newly mined items that are disharmonize-free and ethically-sourced.

SYMMETRY – Run into Finish.

T

TABLE – The horizontal, summit apartment facet on the crown of a faceted diamond or colored gemstone. See also Proportions.

TONE – An attribute of color that denotes its lightness or darkness.

TOUGHNESS – The power of a mineral or gemstone to resist breakage. Jadeite is the toughest gemstone due to an interlocking molecular construction that helps to minimize its weak points.

TRANSPARENCY – The amount of light transmitted through a diamond or colored gemstone. It is influenced past the texture of the material itself and the presence of inclusions. Transparency is rated on a scale of transparent (typically preferred), semi-transparent, translucent, semi-translucent, and opaque.

Treatment – The application of processes or agents to raise the perceived color, clarity, phenomena, or immovability of a diamond, colored gemstone, or pearl. Treatments are routinely practical to stones, with measurable results. Treatments are disclosed on GHI reports.

For diamonds, see also Annealing, Plumage Filling, High Pressure and High Temperature (HPHT), Irradiation, Internal Laser Drilling, Laser Drilling, and Surface Blanket.

For colored gemstones, see also Bleaching, Diffusion, Dyeing, Feather Filling, Heating, Impregnation, Infusion, Irradiation, and Surface Coating.

For pearls, see also Bleaching, Dyeing, Heating, Irradiation, and Surface Blanket.

TRIANGLE Cutting – A three-sided diamond or colored gemstone shape in which the outline is like its name: triangular. Encounter also Cut (Shape and Style).

TWINNING WISP – Inside a diamond, an irregular ribbon-like design. See likewise Plotting Diagram.

U

ULTRAVIOLET Light – Calorie-free that is invisible to the naked middle considering information technology consists of wavelengths shorter than those of visible light.

V

Variety – A subcategory of species, used to farther define stones based on mutual colour or phenomena. The beryl species, for instance, includes emerald and aquamarine varieties. And corundum includes ruby and sapphire varieties. See as well Species.

VS (VERY SLIGHTLY INCLUDED) GRADE – Run into Clarity Grade.

VVS (VERY VERY SLIGHTLY INCLUDED) Course – See Clarity Form.

West

WISP – A curvy, pilus-like characteristic on a diamond or colored gemstone that can announced equally an isolated element or in a cloud-like grade.

X

X-RAY FLUORESCENCE – Likewise known every bit XRF, the capacity of a diamond, colored gemstone, or pearl to emit free energy via secondary x-rays when exposed to a high-energy incident (chief) ten-ray. The intensity of the emitted x-rays indicates the rock's chemical elements for identification purposes.

Note: All photos and diagrams above are intended as general guides. Renderings may vary with estimator settings.

Source: http://www.ghigemlab.com/glossary.html

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